Blog Posts & Comments

A classic blog system with posts belonging to users and comments on posts. Comments support nested replies via parent_id.

ERD Concept

One-to-Many with self-referencing: Posts belong to users. Comments belong to posts and users. Comments can have parent comments (nested replies).

Tables

posts

id user_id (FK) title slug body status published_at views_count timestamps soft_deletes

comments

id post_id (FK) user_id (FK) parent_id (nullable FK) body timestamps

Relationships

Post belongsTo User
Post hasMany Comment
Comment belongsTo Post
Comment belongsTo User
Comment belongsTo Comment (parent)
Comment hasMany Comment (replies)

Migration

Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->string('title');
    $table->string('slug')->unique();
    $table->text('body');
    $table->enum('status', ['draft', 'published', 'archived'])->default('draft');
    $table->timestamp('published_at')->nullable();
    $table->unsignedInteger('views_count')->default(0);
    $table->timestamps();
    $table->softDeletes();
    $table->index(['status', 'published_at']);
});

Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('post_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->foreignId('parent_id')->nullable()->constrained('comments')->cascadeOnDelete();
    $table->text('body');
    $table->timestamps();
    $table->index(['post_id', 'created_at']);
});